The legal nature of the relationship between the non-entrepreneurial company and its participants.

Abstract

The essence of the legal nature of relations between the non-entrepreneurial company and its participants is revealed. Analyzed the views of scholars on the definition and content of corporate rights in non-entrepreneurial societies. It is concluded that in a non-commercial partnership there are two types of legal relationships regulated by different methods of civil law: internal corporate relations or organizational, regulated by a method in which the decision of the majority is mandatory for minority, and property relations, which are regulated by the legal equality of parties, with all legal consequences.

Formulation of the problem. Today many non-entrepreneurial companies have shown themselves to be active in such a way that real social issues are solved, which for a number of reasons the state does not manage. Among them, supporting and protection of the rights of socially vulnerable groups of the population (children, youth, women, military personnel, veterans, refugees, settlers, invalids, etc.); defending the rights of citizens to a favorable environment; complex of issues related to local self-government; leisure organization, education, retraining, social rehabilitation, etc.

The variety of forms of non-entrepreneurial company directly depends on the specific purpose for which it is created and its functions. Some of them are created and operate for the sake of providing economic benefits to an indefinite number of people who are not participants of the non-entrepreneurial company itself (charities, institutions, foundations), others in order to meet the needs of all, the participants themselves of non-entrepreneurial company (public organizations, associations of co-owners of multi-apartment buildings residential buildings, credit unions).

Analysis of the recent research materials and publications. The searching of certain issues of the legal status of NT was given attention in the works of V.I. Borisova, I.V. Spasibo-Fateyeva, I.M. Kucherenko, V.I. Zhukov, I.P. Zhigalkin, V.F. Poddubnaya, OO Belyaeva, VV Cochin, N.Y. Filatova and many other scientists, emphasizing the relevance of the research topic.

Despite the considerable interest of scientists in the issues of non-entrepreneurial company activities, many outstanding issues remain, including the legal nature of the relationship between non-entrepreneurial company and its participants.

Purpose of the article – to identify the legal nature of the relationship between non-entrepreneurial company and its participants, depending on the type of non-entrepreneurial company and the purpose of its creation.

Presenting the main material. The legal nature of the relationship between the non-entrepreneurial company and its participants is based on the "right of participation" in the society enshrined in the law. For its researching it is necessary to determine the legal nature of the "right to participate" in non-entrepreneurial company as a legal entity. Along with the "participation", the term "membership" is also used by law, which in some cases is generally identified. It follows from the conclusion that for non-entrepreneurial company it is not fundamental, but it is more expedient to use the term "right of participation" to unify the use of the definition.

Definition of the"right of participation" Civil Code is not provided. Therefore, in clarifying the essence of this right should proceed, first of all, from the general understanding of the concept of "participation" and to analyze the rights enshrined by law to the members of the companies. The legal nature of the right to participate in a company as a legal entity is the right of a companion to act on his own, which causes another person - the companion of the state of affiliation. It can be argued that the right to participate implies involvement in something that the person is involved in, that is, the fact that the person is in a certain connection with other persons is confirmed. This association is not an obligation. However, this is a right that is not opposed to any obligation.

The peculiarity of the right of participation of a society is the actions of a companion in a company, which at the same time is both a power and a duty. The right to participate in the "union of persons" is simultaneously a duty in the "union of deposits". The "Union of Persons" adopted the method of legal regulation of intra corporate law, which consists in the decision of the body of the company, adopted by the majority, mandatory for the minority of companions. The method of democratic centralism. Does not have the right to veto, but there is a certain, intracorporate, subordination. In its legal nature, this is an organizational relationship (the right to participate), the subject of civil law. The "Union of deposits" inherent method of legal regulation is a method of civil law. This is a method of legal equality, that is, not subordination of subjects of civil legal relations to each other. This is a property relationship, in which its members, being companions, are related to each other as equal.

Conclusions. Based on the foregoing can conclude that in the company, including non-entrepreneurial, two types of legal relations governed by various methods of civil law: internal corporate relations or organizational, regulated by the method in which the majority decision is mandatory for the minority, and property legal relations, which are regulated by the method of legal equality of the parties, with all legal consequences.

In the non-entrepreneurial company, in which property contributions are significant and perform functions similar to functions of property contributions in entrepreneurial associations, there is a need for additional protection of the rights and legitimate interests of participants (members), which can be ensured, in particular, by improving the system of reporting on the activities of non-entrepreneurial company and the cost of material resources; mandatory creation in the non-entrepreneurial company of the bodies that control the activities of the organization; the extension of the list of questions submitted to the exclusive competence of the supreme management body of non-entrepreneurial company, etc. If the non-entrepreneurial company simply gives its participants (members) goods, works, and services typical of the external market for a fee, then they act in a role equivalent to the role of creditors. At the same time, the participants (members) are subject to general rules on the protection of creditors' rights.